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SS1 GOVT. LESSON 1



INTRODUCTION TO GOVERNMENT
Government is defined in 3 aspects.
1.    AS AN INSTITUTION OF THE STATE
Government is defined as the instruments through which the state put its plans into action. The instruments are the legislature, 


Executive-enforces law
Judiciary-interprets law
Legislature-makes law

executive and the judiciary.
2.    AS AN ART OF GOVERNING
Government in this context is defined as the day-to-day administration of governance.
3.    AS AN ACADEMIC FIELD OF STUDY
Government here refers to the study of ideas, doctrines, political institutions and views of political thinkers in the state on what constitute the people’s welfare.
 As an academic field of study, government is studied in different fields which include:
·        Public administration
·        Comparative politics
·        Internal relations
·        Political science
·        Political thought/theories
FUNCTIONS OF GOVERNMENT
1.    Law making
2.    Law enforcement
3.    Maintenance of law and order
4.    External relations
5.    Administration of justice
IMPORTANCE OF STUDYING GOVERNMENT
1.    To widen people’s knowledge of political process.
2.    To educate the people on political life of the country
3.    To increase participation in decision making process of the state.
4.    To promote nationalism and patriotism.
5.    To educate the people on their political rights, duties and obligations as citizens.
FEATURES OF GOVERNMENT
1.    Law
2.    Political power
3.    Revenue
4.    Workforce
5.    Legitimacy
THE STATE

This is a politically organized body of people inhabiting a defined geographical entity with an organized legitimate government.

FEATURES OF A STATE
1.    Permanence: Government can change but state remains

2.    Sovereignty

3.    Population

4.    International recognition

5.    Definite territory/boundaries

6.    Organized government

NATION
This is a body of people who feel to be naturally linked together culturally and from a common origin. They have similar language, culture and feelings of nationality.
SOCIETY
This referred to as the association of human beings, whether organized or unorganized. It is the complicated network of groups and institutions expressing human association and is wider and larger than a state or nation.








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